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History

Chocolate has a history of sweetness and violence. The Mayans, the first ones to discover the cacao plant, are credited with perfecting this concoction in its earliest form. Even dedicating a god to Cacao.

The ever-conquering Aztecs also conquered the Mayans. They quickly learned to love the taste and the health benefits associated with this dark beverage.

‘The divine drink, which builds up resistance and fights fatigue. A cup of this precious drink (cocoa) permits a man to walk for a whole day without food.’

Montezuma – Aztec Emperor (c. 1480-1520)

Both the Mayans and the Aztec recognized the cocoa plant and beans as being very valuable even using it as a means of money exchange. The Spaniards seeing the value the Aztecs placed upon the cacao plant became very interested in the plant also.

It did take time for the Spaniards to gain a liking for the dark drink that they saw «more a drink for pigs than a drink for humanity.»

Within no time the Spaniards began shipping the beans back to Spain. And there began the modern history of Chocolate.

At first the only Europeans able to afford this new beverage was the aristocracy. They didn’t consume it in the same methods as the Aztec but preferred to drink it hot and sweet.

They were also the first to begin to add other spices from the new world.

Once they found that by adding sugar the flavor improved, the love for this new drink spread rapidly.

This also meant they needed to produce more. They began experimenting with different cocoa plants. Finally they found one, which although inferior in quality and taste, could produce a much larger quantity.

They found that by adding a few extra teaspoons of sugar that most Europeans couldn’t notice a difference in quality.

In the Americas the slave trade facilitated the growth nicely and the trade grew rapidly.

Once slaves were outlawed in the Americas the plants were brought to Africa to be grown.

Historical dates

1828- «Dutching» or making cocoa into a powder to mix with water, was invented by Dutchman Coenraad Van Houten

1850’s- Solid Chocolate – Created by a famous English chocolatear Joseph Fry. By mixing sugar, cocoa powder and cocoa butter you could create a paste that when it cooled became a solid.

1879- In Switzerland it was discovered that by adding powdered milk to chocolate it became more affordable and milder. Suddenly people from all economic reaches could afford the heavenly substance.

Health benefits

The Mayan and Aztec always recognized the health benefits of chocolate. Interestingly enough it’s really only been in recent years that anyone has began any serious study of the cocoa plant.

What makes it healthy?

While cocoa is a powerhouse of nutrients from A-Z (Anandamide-Zink) What it is recognized the most for is it’s level of antioxidants, amazingly enough even the poorest quality has some level of antioxidants

What are Antioxidants

Antioxidants are the compounds that help to prevent diseases like the aging, arthritis, strokes, cancers, heart disease and others. These compounds are found in great abundance in fresh fruits and veggies.

These compounds are what give fruit and vegetables their color. In fact the darker the color and the more bitter the taste the higher the level of antioxidants.

Making the dark brown and bitter taste of chocolate in its natural form very high in antioxidants.

I’m sure you’ve heard of some of the more common antioxidants such as vitamins C and E. Researchers are still trying to identify many of the other ones and how they affect our bodies.

Why do we need Antioxidants?

Antioxidants are our «Anti-Rust» formula.

Much in the same way an apple or banana will turn color once it’s exposed to the air, we do the same thing.

As a new baby we begin to take in oxygen and as we do so our body begins to «rust» or rather break down.

When we eat foods rich in antioxidants we protect our body much in the same way that pouring lemon juice, a natural antioxidant, over fruit, stops it from turning brown.

Free Radicals

It’s these free radicals that you are protecting your body from. Free radicals are molecules «gone wild». They are either missing an electron or have an extra electron. They become scavengers going in search of any other molecule that they can «steal» from. They are looking to neutralize themselves.

This creates a dangerous chain reaction. As one free radical attaches to a healthy cell, that cell then becomes a free radical and begins to scavenger themselves.

If this process goes unchecked then these mutating cells can create diseases. Just to name a few of the more common «free radical» diseases — memory loss, aging, immune system disorders or even cancer.

Neutralization of Free Radicals-

The goal for our body then should be to neutralize the free radicals, and this is what antioxidants do.

They do this by using one of their carbon atoms, with it’s strong bonds. As they are sitting there when a free radical comes along they are able to latch on to the free radical. They are then able to carry the free radical with them out of the body.

This is why it is so important to have a constant supply of high antioxidant foods to help eliminate free radicals from our bodies.

Chocolate, for me personally, is the most delicious way to keep free radicals in check.

Types

There are many varieties of chocolate. Below are a few of the most common varieties and uses.

Cacao vs. Cocoa

Cacao is the industry term used for the tree and fruit. Once the pod is opened the fermenting process begins and the name changes to cocoa, such as cocoa butter

cocoa bean etc.

Cacao pods – This is the football shaped fruit that the cacao tree produces. It’s about 5-12 inches long and 3-5 inches wide. Within each of these pods you’ll find about 30-40 seeds. It takes about 20 seeds to make one pound of cocoa.

Cocoa Beans – The fruit of the cacao tree, found inside the cacao pods.

Nibs- Once the cocoa beans are removed they are left to ferment. This helps to develop the deep flavor and aroma and also helps reduce the bitterness.

Once the fermentation process has taken place the beans are laid out to dry. Once dried the outer shell of the bean is removed. They use a crushing tool to do this which many times crush the seeds into what they call «nibs». Nibs are nothing more than crushed pieces of cocoa beans.

One of the easiest and healthiest things I love to do is to add nibs to smoothies, on fresh fruit, in puddings or sprinkled on top of a soufflé. This just adds to the already rich deep chocolate flavor and increases the nutritional value of any food.

Cooking

The two things that will destroy chocolate are moisture and excessive heat. As long as you have that basic knowledge there really isn’t anything to stop you from using it.

It will grain and thicken with excessive heat, so be careful if you are using a microwave. With moisture even a very small amount will increase its viscosity, making it unacceptable for dipping.

Always store in odorless, dark, cool places.

Melting

Home Melting

A double boiler is the easiest way to melt chocolate. Do not allow steam to be coming up from the bottom of the boiler, since this could potentially ruin it.

If it becomes unworkable just add ½ T of oil and while stirring vigorously re-melt.

Professional Melting Options

Electric Frying Pan- While this is not a «professional» method if you are the «occasional» chocolatier this is a less expensive method. An electric fry pan will keep your chocolate at the perfect temperature while you work with it.

Professional Tempering Machine- If you desire to work like the pros then a professional tempering machine is what you’ll need. I recommend one put out by Sephra, the leader in fondue fountains.

Candy Making Workshops

In learning to make chocolates a candy-making workshop is your best bet.

They will teach you all their tricks and techniques, while showing you the best quality ingredients.

Workshops are a lot of fun. You learn as you cover yourself in chocolate. That sounds pretty heavenly to me.

One of the best things about workshops is your chance to jump in with both hands. At a good workshop you will be cutting, melting and dipping your way to pure chocolate indulgence.

Many places don’t offer these workshops so visit us at http://www.chocoliciouscooking.com and watch our how to videos on everything from chocolate covered pretzels to Halloween ghost cookies. The great part of watching Jeannie at http://www.chocoliciousCooking.com is that you can lick the spoon and your fingers!

Tools of the trade –

The tools listed below are ones that have made our life easier. They are tools that we use on a weekly if not daily basis.

Cocoa Latte- This machine is a must have for those cold winter mornings. I turn this on first thing in the morning as I am getting ready for work, and it’s perfection. The thing I love about the Cocoa Latte is it keeps the beverages at the perfect temperature.

This machine by Back to Basics brings the café experience right to you in your home. It whips, mixes and automatically heats your instant cocoa into frothy cafe-style drinks.

Vita Mix Blender- Vita Mix is notorious for health and is my favorite tool.

With this blender I have made, raw salsas, soups, sauces, and desserts. The speed of the blades makes it so although you may be serving a raw tortilla soup, it will be steaming hot, delicious and totally nutritious!

Sephra Fondue Fountains- Sephra has perfected the home and industrial chocolate fountain. With their patent pending technology and comprehensive warranty they were my natural choice.

I’ve used several other fountains and the Sephra fountain is by far the easiest to assemble, disassemble and clean. It makes having a chocolate party a breeze!

Fondue Pot- Fondue has its origins in the French speaking regions of the Swiss Alps and has been around for centuries.

My favorite choice for a fondue pot is an electric pot. These pots lend themselves to any type of fondue. You can boil oil or just keep a dessert fondue warm. I love the versatility found with this pot.

Recipes

Everyone has his or her favorite recipes. We are no different than any one else.

It’s easy to make any chocolate recipe a bit healthier just by adding in chocolate.

You can also use raw organic cocoa as well as raw nibs as a topping.

We love cooking at chocoliciousCooking and here are a few of our favorite recipes:

Gifts

There is nothing like giving chocolate as a gift to show that special someone just how much you love them. Each type of gift has it’s own personality of sorts.

Handmade Chocolates- The «cherished gift» I call it this because hand dipping is becoming a lost art. So you know if you receive this type of gift that they cherish you enough to give you the very best

Dark chocolate gift basket- The «thoughtfully loving» gift. I use the term thoughtful because if it’s dark chocolate they obviously care about your health and the darker the better.

Dipped Strawberries- The «sexy» gift. Don’t you think there is something very sexy about deep red strawberries and chocolate?

I can’t think of anything that would make me swoon more than this sexy gift.

Pretzels- The «fun» gift. This combination of salty sweet goodness makes them fun to make and fun to eat. Then if you wish the fun gift to become a personal party just hide a little caramel inside.

Party

Lets face it anytime there is chocolate it’s a party!

And there really is no limit to the fun party ideas that you could center around chocolate. From a Childs birthday party, Teen Halloween party, Chocolate tasting party, or a formal chocolate party — there really is no limit to the fun that could be had.

Especially with a fondue pot or fountain, the party takes on a different feel. I feel like it makes a formal party more of a «water cooler» type of feeling. And it gives a causal party more elegance.

As they stand around dipping fruits, breads and candies in the never-ending flow of chocolate, you not only are filled physically but enjoy the social interaction that comes naturally from the experience.

Chocolate is not optional, it’s a necessity!

It’s healthy

It not only makes you feel good, it also makes you smile!

The best gift anyone can ever receive!

No matter how casual or elegant the affair, it suddenly becomes a party!

For maximum effect it should be consumed and shared daily!

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Los Angeles is a very fascinating city and a great place for anybody to take a vacation. Visiting Los Angeles and the surrounding areas could be one of the best and most memorable experiences that you will ever have. Tourists seem to get excited about everything from the simplest things to the bigger things. For some reason, tourists always like to see the famous Hollywood sign and especially visitors from non-coastal states like to go to the beach and see the Pacific Ocean for the first time.

If you like more of an adrenalin rush of fun and are planning to come to the city of Los Angeles, you will be in reasonable driving distance from several amusement and water parks including Six Flags Magic Mountain, Hurricane Harbor, Disneyland, Knott’s Berry Farm, Universal Studios, Raging Waters and other places like the Los Angeles Zoo and Griffith Park.

If you are really interested in the Film Industry, you can go to the tapings of numerous television shows where you can see your favorite stars live and in person. Or if you prefer to be in front of the camera instead of in the audience, there are several advertisements in newspapers, magazines and posted on telephone poles looking for all kinds of people who want to be background Extras in movies, television shows and commercials. No experience is necessary. Be sure to go down Hollywood Boulevard and look on the ground for the stars of your favorite entertainers on the Hollywood Walk of Fame.

You can go to Staples Center, home of the 9 time NBA (National Basketball
Association) World Champions Los Angeles Lakers. Magic Johnson has moved on from playing professional basketball, but you will still see his name all over Los Angeles. He is involved with a few businesses around town including some 24 Hour Fitness locations, the Magic Johnson Theatres located in the Crenshaw Shopping Center, Starbucks Coffee and Magic Johnson’s TGI Friday’s Restaurant.

Right across the street from the Forum in Inglewood where the Lakers used to play for about 30 years until a few years ago, is the Hollywood Park Race Track and Casino. They only have horse racing a few months out of the year. But you are in «Luck» because the Casino is in full swing 24 hours a day, 7 days a week to satisfy your gambling needs. It is one of the few places around here that at least so far, they still have FREE parking.

For Baseball fans you can go to Dodger Stadium, home of the former World Series Champions Los Angeles Dodgers. You would not want to go to Dodger Stadium without eating one of their famous Dodger Dogs.

Not only do we have professional sports champions, we also have our very famous cross town college rivals, the U.C.L.A Bruins and the U.S.C Trojans who have both brought back team championships to the city of Los Angeles and they both have had their students and alumni bring back Gold Medals when they were representing the United States over the years in the Olympics.

If you want to see another historic Sports site, then go to the Los Angeles Coliseum. Not only was it the home of the Rams and then the Raiders, way back when Los Angeles used to have a NFL Football team, but it was a major venue for both the 1932 and the 1984 Summer Olympics. If you watched the Olympics then you saw the Los Angeles Coliseum during the Opening and Closing Ceremonies and the Track and Field events. The Olympic Torch is still there.

While you are at the Coliseum, it would be well worth your while to walk over to the California Science Center in Exposition Park. It is a great educational learning experience for both adults and children. The Sports Arena is in that general area. Also, within walking distance in that area are several museums that you might be interested in going through.

You would not want to miss out on spending time on the 405 San Diego Freeway which runs along the west side of Los Angeles County so you can enjoy the bumper to bumper traffic that we all get to experience so frequently. Most people in the area call it the world’s largest parking lot. Your foot rides the brake of your car while burning that expensive gasoline. Usually you are either at a full stop or traveling at a snails pace. Just hope that they do not have a vehicle accident on the freeway ahead of you because the snail would actually beat you in a race.

If you leave the Los Angeles International Airport (LAX) which is right next to the Playa del Rey Beach on the far west side of the city, you can get on the 405 freeway and head northbound. When you are finally able to get through the traffic, you can visit the J. Paul Getty Museum which is just before you get to the valley.

You can go to Marina del Rey just north of the airport where you can enjoy a dinner cruise on the ocean or bring your fishing pole and go out on one of the all day fishing boats or just hang out in the Fisherman’s Village that overlooks the Pacific Ocean and has food, drinks and gift shops. There are places near most of the beaches where you can rent bicycles. There is Bike Path the runs along the side of the Pacific Ocean right on the beach. If you like rollerblading, rollerskating and / or skateboarding, then you will really like Venice Beach.

Normally from the west side of Los Angeles if you are at or near the Playa del Rey Beach and look up, you can see the planes taking off over the ocean. If you are somewhere east of the airport you can see the planes coming in for a landing. But if you look up and see a helicopter, don’t get confused. It is probably not a guided helicopter tour. More than likely it is the Los Angeles Police Department Helicopter chasing down a suspect with the news media helicopters trying to get their shots and doing their best to stay out of the way. Police car chases are very common around here. You hear sirens from emergency vehicles coming from all directions. But that is Los Angeles’ finest keeping our city nice and safe.

In all fairness, as a traveler you really need to make the safety of both yourself and your family a top priority no matter what city in the world you visit.

If you want to go on another cruise, you can go to Catalina Island. You can go over there, have some fun and come back the same day if you want or you can stay for several days if you really like it. There are numerous activities out there.

Another historic site that you would not want to miss is the street corner of Florence and Normandie Avenues which was where the 1992 Los Angeles Riots all began. Most of the businesses that were burned to the ground during that time have been rebuilt since then, so of course they look much better and more modern. Others may never be rebuilt.

On the far south side of Los Angeles County is Long Beach where you can see the Queen Mary Ship that is docked. You can tour the ship. Also, while you are in Long Beach you can visit the Aquarium of the Pacific for underwater adventure. Just like the California Science Center, it is another great educational learning opportunity for both adults and children.

For shopping, it depends what you are interested in. You can get just about anything you can think of at the malls which are located all over the place. The Del Amo Mall in Torrance (the southern part of Los Angeles County) is one of the largest malls in the United States. If you are looking for discount clothing and other merchandise, then go to the garment district in downtown Los Angeles. If you want the expensive stuff, then go down Rodeo Drive and the Wilshire Boulevard area in Beverly Hills. Just east of Beverly Hills is the Grove where you can check out the Farmers Market that has been serving Los Angeles since 1934. The area has been changed, expanded and built up over the past few years.

Wilshire Boulevard is one of the main business streets in Los Angeles that runs from the beach to downtown Los Angeles. So if you want to drive down Wilshire Boulevard just for fun, you can start by the Santa Monica Pier overlooking the Pacific Ocean and it will take you through the cities of Santa Monica, Beverly Hills and Los Angeles. When you get to downtown, be sure to take a look at the Los Angeles Civic Center area.

Another interesting street to drive down for fun is Crenshaw Boulevard. You can start at Wilshire Blvd and go southbound on Crenshaw Boulevard. It will take you through the inner city of Los Angeles. Your trip will take you by the Baldwin Hills Crenshaw Shopping Center, Leimert Park in the Crenshaw District, then through Inglewood, Hawthorne, Lawndale, Torrance, Rolling Hills Estates and all the way down until you end up in Rancho Palos Verdes in the South Bay area of Los Angeles County.

Check the schedule of the Los Angeles Convention Center. They always have some type of entertainment, business or informational seminars, expos or workshops going on over there. You might find something going on that you may want to attend.

There are countless food and beverage locations all over the Los Angeles area from fine dining restaurants to fast food places and every shade of grey in between that will satisfy any appetite. You just have to find the ones that match your taste. There are all kinds of entertainment, dancing, activities and shows even in addition to all of the things that are mentioned above.

If you are not visiting someone who has a car that you can use, then you should probably rent a car because waiting around for public transportation in Los Angeles will use up most of your vacation time. Have fun.

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Though C.Ronaldo MAY look unbeatable right now but there is or may be even are, downsides with his style of play. So cutting all the crap in trying to compare him to L.Messi lets have a look shall we at C.Ronaldo. Basically Ronaldo has (or can have):PRO

PROS

• Tremendous pace. Some people call C.Ronaldo a «speed demon» and I am one of those people.
• Can craft things out of nothing against teams that don’t come with a specific plan on how to tackle him, which is usually the case in EPL.
• Is very very fit, which means he can run all day long. This quality in particular comes in handy when his side receives a red card or something. He can take that extra load on himself.
• Can Shoot with both feet, though his left foot strike is nothing more than a swinger. Doesn’t really try to control the ball, just whacks it towards the goal.
• Can take ridiculous free kicks. Which curve, bend, accelerate at the same time and change directions multiple times.
• Has got individual skill which enables him to go past defenders at ease by two methods. Either he dribbles past them with skill or he just goes for route one and runs them out of competition.
• Can head the ball really well for someone who has so much skill in his boots.
• Has got every trick in the book and some more that aren’t in the book.
• Entertaining to the fans, most people pay just to watch him train very unlike players like Gattuso or Giggs for that matter.
• Has a good footballing brain, though not the best. Sometimes makes awful decisions.
• Nippy feet enable him to maneuver the ball in very tight spaces.
• His name is Ronaldo. When a defender reads that name on the back of C.Ronaldo’s shirt, he usually starts trembling and that is the reason most defenders perform poorly against C.Ronaldo because of the sheer presence of his name not even himself which is a huge plus.
• For the past 3 seasons, he has been in astonishing scoring form. The numbers are astounding 23 in 53 games in 2006-2007 and 42 in 49 games in 2007-2008. These numbers are scary even for a striker and C.Ronaldo is just a winger. Though, he is not a pure winger, he is more of a winger striker.

CONS

• Take speed out of his game and you have a garbage bag that is C.Ronaldo.
• He has a huge attitude.
• Show boats alot.
• Over does his dribbles.
• Doesn’t like to pass, he does pass it now that he knows Ferguson would not tolerate otherwise.
• His crosses aren’t the best in the world.
• Not really traditional winger.
• Is, by no means, a big match player.
• Doesn’t handle pressure very well.
• Can’t live up with tight marking.
• Plays for Fame and Glory rather than for passion and for country (Or club).
• Loyalty is something Ronaldo hasn’t come across in his life YET, or at least it looks so. As he just wanted to jump out of Manchester United when Real Madrid came searching for him with their millions.

Don’t get me wrong but this is my CANDID opinion about him. But now, he has been in awesome scoring form. I mean, come on, 40 goals a season. I don’t care how much a player sucks. If that player can score 40 goals, in any league, let alone EPL, that is enough for him to be playing at Real Madrid.

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It is no longer news that Communication is very essential today and ranks in the same class with Nuclear power, Space Science, Air Travel and such breakthrough experience in modern technology.

In third World Countries Communication is an expensive venture which the rich take advantage of to further suppress the poor or the underpriviledged.To own a communication gadget in these countries is adding to the pool of resources a man has and this is considered an asset that is listed on a person’s will when he passes on to the great beyond.

For instance, the owner of a blackberry phone, I-pod, Laptop or as it was back in the 1980’s, the possession of satellite dish in a person’s house was considered a luxury and therefore attracted envy.

It is understandable for people to feel that way especially as most households feed on less than two dollars per day and if translated into meals, sums up into 0-1-1 or 0-1-0 which in effect means that a family survives daily on launch and supper or lunch only, respectively.

In the same vein, Mobile Telephoning is a relative new media of communication which afford phone users to be reached anywhere they are where there is network connection.

Mobile Telephoninnng is no doubt changing the face of communication and is useful in uniting loved ones, transaction of busineses, helps in foiling crime and necessary for emergency situation.

Well, for those that have cell phones or Global System Mobile (GSM) as commonly called,lucky them! the issue of maintaining them and the night mare associated with paying daily tariff to their network providers remain the greatest challenge they have to face daily.

In other words, it is one thing to buy a communication equipment in developing countries and another to keep it active and working just in the long run for the service Providers to gain maximum profit from your continued patronage.

Time was when mobile telephoning came into most countries of the Continent of Africa that any network subsciber who does not make use of his/her phone to make calls for a maximum duration of three months is promptly penalized by blocking his SIM card which means no making or receiving calls again.

How hurting it can be for those who bought their SIM cards at exorbitant prices when GSM first made its debut in the African markets around late 70’s for some countries and early 80’s for others.

These days, inspite of poor network services being experienced by customers especially during festivities, holidays and harsh weather conditions, their tariffs are to say the least, exploitativet.One is save to say, it is the case of robbing Peter to pay Paul.

The sad thing is that the ripple effect of the sale extravaganza is not felt by the people responsible for their success story; Iam talking about the small scale traders who perhaps took micro-credit to establish a recharge card shops in order to sell the products of the communication companies.

To survive in the business of retailing recharge cards therefore, one must be prepared to sell phone accessories like phone chargers, batteries, casing or even engage in recharging people’s phones using generators because electricity light in most third world countries is epileptic and an exclusive of the rich;which by the way describes the political class.

The exploitative attitude of these network providers have slowly assumed a dangerous dimension hence, compelling the innocent public to constantly appeal to Government of their countries to salvage them from their overbearing grip.

It is common to see the communication companies parading different products from the mundane to the sophisticated in a bid to attract subscribers to part with their hard earned money. Of course they always win due to the gullible disposition of the users.They now sell songs to be used as caller tunes, prayers by men of God, results of football matches of top clubs in the world are transferred to the sets of subscribers in exchange of a fee. Even Bible and quoranic verses for mediatations as they claimed, are also up for sale on request.

However, one wonder if these downloaded materials are covered by the piracy laws of the host nations and whether they pay royalties to the artists and authors of the resources they are copying.

Again, one continues to ask the question, how much worth of items or rewards do they give their customers particularly at the end of the year when they are taking stock of the companies end of year sales.

More worrisome is the latest sales gimmick adopted by most of these service providers in the name of «Promo». They simply send questions to those who show interest in making extra money promising mouth watering prizes ranging from cash to valuable gifts such as cars and household items. Once they succeed in luring their victims to start playing, they drag them to a long unending game which makes the subscribers loose an equivalent of one dollar on each answer sent via Short Messaging Services (SMS).

On realizing this is a calculated fraud, many have backed out without a dime to reward their efforts. Majority of the top players in the communication industry in the third world countries are foreign companies whose main objectives is to make profits, so do not really have the genuine interest of their customers as their priority neither are they in the market to improve the economy of their host nations.

Agreed that the network companies pay heavily for obtaining their license to operate in such countries but that notwithstanding, they owe the communities that are patronizing them the responsibilities of providing their people with jobs and empower their youths through the distribution of their goods and services as well as participate in the sponsoring of major events or donation to charity and sport. That way their impact can be felt even at the grassroot.

Again, a situation where only few people benefit from the presence of Network Providers in their location by leasing or selling their personal properties for siting their mast or when these companies engage the services of cheap labour in the areas they are located for the installation of their plant, is not only lopsided but this gesture only empowers a select members of the society at the expense of the majority.

In a particular African country, one of about seven communication companies has changed its name four times in six years of it’s operation because the company’s ownership keeps changing hands. Good enough that it is not a liability company else Shareholders would have lost confidence in its managerial ability to deliver dividends to them due to instability.

Some of these network providers unfortunately are merely existing in name as their services are appalling and therefore do not elucidate public confidence.

Even the establishment of regulatory bodies by Government to ensure a level playing ground among network providers and provision and to make them provide cheap and affordable charges to their customers has not change their exploitative attitude. The companies claim that they are forced to act that way since they have to recover the fortunes they paid to obtain their operating license.

The only advice good to them is, «If they can not stand the heat in the kitchen, they should quit» period.

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